Soil aggregates as the fundamental units of soil structure, play a significant role in slope ecological restoration and sustainability. Soil cementing materials are essential for the formation and stability of aggregates. These materials can be broadly classified into three categories: organic, inorganic, and organic-inorganic complexes, However, the role of cementing materials in this process remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the stability of soil aggregates, the characteristics of cementing substances, and their interrelationships on restored slopes, Currently, slope ecological restoration technologies are classified into four primary categories: spray-mixing, reinforced filling, trench and pit construction, and laying and hanging. Among these, spray-mixing technology is the most widely employed slope protection method in China, as it takes into account both environmental and biological requirements. This study focuses on six distinct spray-mixing slope restoration techniques in Yichang City, utilizing an undisturbed natural forest, a disturbed but unrepaired bare slope, and a naturally restored slope as control sites., Vegetation concrete ecological protection technology(CBS); Vegetative cement-soil and Vegetation concrete ecological protection technology(VCS-CBS); Imitation vegetation concrete restoration technology(CCBS); High-order pellet vegetation restoration technology(CS); Spraying seeding technique(ESS); Natural restoration slope(NR); Natural forest(NF); Exposure slope(ES),analyzing the stability, fractal dimension, and content of cementing substances in soil aggregates. The study also examined the influence of various cementing substances on aggregate stability. The results are as follows: Aggregate Improvement: Ecological restoration significantly enhanced the size distribution and stability of soil aggregates. Indicators such as mean weight diameter (MWD), R0.25, and fractal dimension (D) were all significantly higher than those observed in bare slopes (ES). Cementing Substances Distribution: Ecological restoration significantly increased the organic carbon content in aggregates, with larger aggregates exhibiting higher organic carbon levels compared to micro-aggregates. Iron and aluminum oxides were predominantly concentrated in smaller aggregates. Redundancy analysis revealed that iron-aluminum-bound organic carbon, calcium-bound organic carbon, and total organic carbon are critical factors influencing the size distribution and stability of soil aggregates. Ecological restoration primarily promotes the formation and stability of micro-aggregates by utilizing iron (Fe) to bind soil particles. This process subsequently facilitates the development of macro-aggregates through the cementation of soil organic carbon (SOC), calcium-bound SOC (CaSOC), and iron-aluminum-bound SOC (FeAl-SOC). Through the synergistic action of both organic and inorganic cementing materials, ecological restoration significantly enhances the stability of soil aggregates on slopes. The effects of ecological restoration on aggregate stability and cementing materials may be linked to the community structure, coverage, and litter content of slope vegetation. Furthermore, variations in calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and ferrous ions (Fe²⁺) resulting from construction processes may also influence aggregate stability.This study provides theoretical support and technical guidance for future ecological restoration projects, offering a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying soil aggregate stability on restored slopes.