水动力作用对粘附剂包封铜藻受精卵附着的影响
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浙江省科技厅基础公益项目(LTGS24C030002);浙江省科技厅重点研发项目(2023C03120);舟山市科技计划项目(2022C31054)


Effect of hydrodynamic action on adhesion of Sargassum horneri zygotes encapsulated by adhesive
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    摘要:

    由于人类活动导致浅海沉积物大量累积,铜藻场面积逐年缩小,底栖生物栖息地不断萎缩。为修复受损铜藻场营造栖息地,解决铜藻受精卵粘附能力弱和成活率低的问题,本研究基于大型海藻受精卵粘附功能,为提高受精卵粘附移植效率,通过室内和潮间带水动力作用冲击实验,研究了海藻酸钠、喷涂3%CaCl2溶液的海藻酸钠和超支化聚合物粘附剂(HBPA)3种材料包封下的铜藻(Sargassum horneri)受精卵附着能力。结果显示:(1)室内:海藻酸钠粘附剂在水动力作用(EI:3.9)影响下平均可粘附5d,喷涂3% CaCl2溶液后平均粘附时间提高2d,受精卵附着密度分别为14个/cm2和24个/cm2。在水动力作用(EI:8.4)中HBPA可粘附7d以上;受精卵附着密度最高达14个/cm2。(2)潮间带:HBPA在潮间带3个站点S1(EI:6.6)、S2(EI:5.0)、S3(EI:4.0)包封受精卵附着中展现强韧的粘附能力,受精卵附着密度分别达1、14、21个/100cm2,均高于海藻酸钠和喷涂3%CaCl2溶液的海藻酸钠组。通过室内外水动力作用实验发现,海藻酸钠及喷涂3% CaCl2溶液固定的海藻酸钠附剂抗水流冲击性能弱于HBPA,无法在强海流、高波浪能条件下应用,但作为人工粘附剂是最便捷、无公害、成本低且易获取制备的材料;HBPA黏度大、粘附性强、溶解速率低,潮间带移植效果好,有望成为新型水下移植材料。本研究结果将促进更高效人工粘附剂及移植方法的研发与应用,逐步推广高效、低成本的海藻场生态修复方法,恢复浙江沿岸受损的海藻场生态系统,同时也将为我国近岸岛礁区海藻场的生态修复建设和海洋碳汇提供技术支撑。

    Abstract:

    Owing to the accumulation of sediment in shallow seas caused by human activities, the coverage area of copper algae fields has been progressively diminishing, resulting in a continuous reduction of benthic habitats. To mitigate this issue, it is imperative to restore the degraded copper algae fields and establish suitable habitats. To address the issues of inadequate adhesion function and low survival rates of Sargassum horneri zygotes.. Based on the adhesive function of zygotes of macroalgae, in order to improve the efficiency of zygotes adhesion and transplantation, the hydrodynamic action impact experiments were carried out indoors and in intertidal zone. The adhesion ability of Sargassum horneri zygotes encapsulated by sodium alginate, sodium alginate with 3%CaCl2 solution and Hyperhyperbolic Polymer Aradhesuve(HBPA) was studied. The result showed that: (1)Indoors zone: under the influence of hydrodynamic action(EI:3.9), sodium alginate adhesive could adhere for 5 days on average, and the average adhesion time increased for 2 days after spraying 3%CaCl2 solution, and theattachment density of zygotes was 14ind./cm2 and 24ind./cm2 respectively. HBPA can adhere for more than 7 days in hydrodynamic action(EI:8.4). The highes attachment density of zygotes is 14ind./cm2. (2)Intertidal zone: HBPA showed strong adhesion ability in three sites of intertidal zone S1(EI:6.6), S2(EI:5.0) and S3(EI:4.0) to encapsulate zygote, and the attachment density of zygotes reached 1、14 and 21ind./100cm2 respectively, which were higher than those groups of sodium alginate and the sodium alginate sprayed with3% CaCl2 solution. Through indoor and outdoor hydrodynamic action experiments, it is found that the resistance of sodium alginate and sodium alginate additive fixed by spraying 3%CaCl2 solution are weaker than that of HBPA, so it cannot be applied under the co-nditions of strong current and high wave energy, but it is the most convenient, pollution-free, low-cost and easy-to-obtain materials as artificial adhesives. HBPA has high viscosity, strong adhesion, low dissolution rate and go-od intertidal transplantation effect, and is expected to become a new underwater transplantation material. The rese-arch results will provide technical support for the ecological restoration and protection of largescale seaweed field.The findings of this study will facilitate the development and application of more efficient artificial adhesion agents and transplantation techniques, thereby promoting cost-effective and efficient methods for the ecological restoration of algal fields. This will aid in restoring the damaged algal ecosystems along the coast of Zhejiang and provide essential technical support for ecological restoration projects and marine carbon sequestration efforts in coastal islands and reefs throughout China.

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苗航,王惠杰,杨起帆,朱伟栋,毕远新.水动力作用对粘附剂包封铜藻受精卵附着的影响.生态学报,2025,45(9):4312~4321

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