Soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) is one of the important research objects in ecohydrology, and its water movement process is of great significance for ecological vegetation construction and integrated water resources management in arid and semi-arid regions. With higher sensitivity and accuracy, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes were used to trace water transport processes. This paper focused on the application of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in water recharge and transport at soil-atmosphere interface, soil-groundwater interface, soil-plant interface, and plant-atmosphere interface, including source and evaporation of soil water; water infiltration mechanism and residence time; plant water source and hydraulic redistribution; evapotranspiration partitioning and leaf water absorption. In addition, this paper clarified the uncertainties and limitations of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope technology and discussed the future research direction, which might provide a reference for the study of ecohydrological processes using stable isotope techniques.