The plateau lake basin is an important carrier of human activities in the plateau area, which has the characteristics of high ecological value and high vulnerability. However, with the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization in the plateau lake basin, the lake area is shrinking, the pollution is increasing, and the ecological environment of the basin is seriously damaged, causing a series of ecological and environmental problems, such as soil erosion, water pollution, wetland degradation and habitat quality decline. It is urgent to carry out ecological restoration to balance the relationship between economic development and ecological environment protection. Diagnosing and restoring priority areas for ecological restoration based on holistic protection and systematic governance thinking, is a critical method for the scientific and orderly promotion of territorial space ecological protection and restoration. Based on this, the study took Dianchi Lake Basin, a typical plateau lake basin, as an example. The human footprint and landscape ecological risk model were used to quantitatively evaluate the negative interference of ecosystem, and the ecological network of the watershed was constructed by minimum cumulative resistance model and the circuit theory. The key areas with high negative interference in the ecological network were extracted as priority areas for ecological restoration and the targeted restoration measures were proposed. The results showed that:(1) the overall human disturbance and ecological risk in the Dianchi Lake Basin were high. The human disturbance was distributed in a core-periphery decreasing circle, and the medium and high ecological risks occupied most of the areas. Human traffic network had greatly expanded the intensity and depth of human disturbance and ecological risk. (2) The characteristics of regional ecological network were consistent with the typical lake ecological network. A total of 38 ecological corridors were distributed radially or circularly, connecting 23 ecological sources in the two ecological spaces of lake and mountain areas to ensure regionally ecological security. (3) The study extracted a total of 73.83 km² priority areas for ecological source restoration, 26.97 km² priority areas for ecological corridor restoration, and 31 priority areas for ecological pinch restoration. According to the typical problems and spatial distribution characteristics of different ecological restoration priority areas, a restoration strategy combining point, line and surface was proposed. The research results would help to provide some scientific reference for the identification of priority areas for ecological restoration of territorial space and the improvement of overall ecosystem restoration in plateau lake basin.