As an important facility for agricultural production, small greenhouses can create a protected growing space with suitable temperatures for crops to ensure normal growth and promote early crop maturity. In this study, the aim is to ensure the normal development of tobacco seedlings in spring and winter in Chongqing and to maintain a suitable soil temperature in the greenhouse. Experiments and numerical simulations of greenhouse shed temperatures were carried out to investigate the temperature distribution pattern inside the greenhouse. On this basis, the effect of heat production from biomass fermentation on the soil temperature field in the greenhouse was also analyzed. The results showed that the soil temperature in the greenhouses with buried rice hulls increased by an average of 3.5℃ and the number of days when the average temperature in the greenhouses below 10℃ was significantly reduced. The largest increases in stem height and leaf number of tobacco seedlings were observed in the greenhouses with rice hulls. The average stem height increased from 7.8 cm at transplanting to 12 cm and the average number of leaves increased from 5 to 11, both of which were greater than in the experimental group without rice hulls. This indicates that the burial of rice hulls in the soil was beneficial to the growth and development of tobacco seedlings. The numerical study showed that the temperature of the soil layers at different depths in the greenhouse shed varied consistently, all showing a trend of decreasing, then increasing, and finally decreasing. The ground temperature decreased with the increasing soil depth. The temperature of the soil layer 10 cm and 20 cm below the surface was higher than 10.6℃ and 8℃, which was conducive to the growth of tobacco seedlings. And there existed a certain diurnal temperature difference in soil temperature, which was more beneficial to the development of tobacco seedlings in low temperature environment. The trend of soil temperature in the greenhouse with buried rice hulls was same as that in the greenhouse without buried rice hulls, but the average temperature, the minimum to the maximum temperature, and diurnal temperature differences in the soil layer increased by 2.3℃, 1.1-5.5℃, and 4.8℃, respectively. The results of experimental and numerical studies showed that the heat generated by the fermentation of rice hulls could raise and maintain the soil temperature in the greenhouse, providing insulation and heat recharge to the soil.