Carabid beetle is an important taxon in grassland ecosystem, which plays an important role in environmental monitoring and biodiversity conservation in grassland ecosystem. Based on 131 investigation records and 19 environmental factor variables of carabid beetle in the natural steppe, the potentially geographical distribution of carabid beetles was predicted by MaxEnt model. The value of area under the receiving operator curve (AUC) of area under Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) as the prediction accuracy standard of model, the jackknife test was used to evaluate the contribution of each environmental variable in deciding potential geographical distribution areas of Carabus glyptopterus and C. vladsimirskyi. The results show that:(1) the prediction accuracy of the MaxEnt model is relatively high, and the work curve area (AUC value) of the subject is 0.981 and 0.915, respectively. (2) Among 19 environmental variables, min temperature of coldest month, annual precipitation, annual temperature and mean temperature of driest quarter show a large amount of contribution to potential distribution of carabid beetles. (3) C. glyptopterus is mainly distributed in temperature desert steppe and the northern part of temperature meadow steppe, thus C. vladsimirskyi is mainly distributed in temperature meadow steppe. In brief, the conclusion provides reference basis for investigation and protection of carabid beetle.