Taking Sanya, a typical tourist city, as a case study, this paper uses Landsat remote sensing image data of four periods from 2006 to 2018, quantitatively identifies the land use evolution characteristics with ENVI and ArcGIS platform, and estimates the ecosystem service value(ESV) of tourism destination at the scale of 1km×1km. Combined with spatial exploratory data analysis, the spatiotemporal differentiation of ecosystem service value and its spatio-temporal coupling relationship with tourism development is revealed. The results are as follows:(1) From 2006 to 2018, the total value of ecosystem services in Sanya decreased from 6.73 billion to 5.76 billion, a cumulative decrease of 978 million. (2) From 2006 to 2018, the value-added areas were distributed in Yazhou District, Tianya District and the southern Jiyang District, showing a decreasing trend year by year. The impairment areas were concentrated in the northeast of Tianya District and Haitang District. (3) In the spatial agglomeration, the ecosystem service value showed significantly positive spatial correlation and the correlation decreased first and then increased. The high concentration area is located in the northern Tianya District, and the low concentration area is distributed in the coastal and gulf areas. (4) The tourism development and the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of ecosystem service value are closely related. The woodland ecological environment in northern Tianya District of Sanya City is good. The ESV slightly decreased, but the absolute value was stable, which is the main source of ecosystem service value. Sanya Bay, Yazhou Bay and Haitang bay with rapid tourism development have more relative value-added areas, but the absolute ESV loss is significant, seriously lagging behind other areas.