The relationship between plant distribution and environmental factors is a core issue in ecology and biogeographic research. Maximum entropy models were used for predicting potential distribution suitability for L. principis-rupprechtii, in Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia province. Thirty-three environmental factors were chosen from climate, soil and terrain. The climate, climate-soil, climate-terrain and climate-soil-terrain four environmental combinations were modeled and tested. Suitable area of the distribution of L. principis-rupprechtii was divided and mapped by ArcGIS spatial statistics. The results showed that the maximum entropy models were successful at discriminating between suitable and unsuitable habitat at the local level for all environmental combination types, and the Area under curve (AUC) values were from 0.965 to 0.983 for calibration and test data with the excellent effect. In the dominant factors affecting the distribution of L. principis-rupprechtii, the highest temperature of the hottest month, the annual temperature difference and seasonal temperature variation were important, and the cumulative contribution rate was above 74% in the environmental types of climate only and climate-soil. The effects of altitude and slope were the highest in the environmental types of climate-terrain and climate-soil-terrain, with 48.8% and 51.8% respectively. In the area affecting the suitable distribution of L. principis-rupprechtii (middle, high, and extremely high-adapted areas), the environmental types of climate and climate-terrain had little difference, with 102583 km² and 100698 km², respectively. While, the environmental types of climate-soil and climate-soil-terrain, under the influence of the suitable area was significantly reduced to 57134 km² and 66754 km², respectively. The maximum entropy model could reliably simulate the potential distribution area of L. principis-rupprechtii. The terrain factors can significantly change the prediction results of single climatic factor on the distribution of L. principis-rupprechtii. Although the soil factors have little effect on the distribution pattern of larch, the influence is significant in the suitability, especially the distribution of suitable areas above medium. All results could be as a reference for ecology restoration and sustainable management in north China.