River ecosystems are the most affected habitats globally by human activities, such as the changes of land use in the riparian of river. Macroinvertebrate is an important component of aquatic organisms in freshwater ecosystems and is an important biological indicator of bio-assessment in rivers. Macroinvertebrates have been widely used to evaluate the interference and impact of human activities on river ecosystems. Here, we aim to understand the effects of different land use types on the feeding function groups of macroinvertebrate and to evaluate the responses of macroinvertebrates to changes of riparian land use types in the Taizi River Basin (TRB). Based on data of 42 sites, we found that the macroinvertebrate communities were significantly different in four land use types. The average abundance,Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and Pielou evenness of macroinvertebrates were the highest values in the forest land with 8.86, 0.73 and 0.94, respectively. There were significant negative correlations of forest land and EC, TDS, TN, NH₃-N, and COD_Mn using Pearson analysis, and between farmland and DO, IOS. By Spearman analysis, the results indicated that forest land was positively correlated with shredders, scrapers and collector-gatherers, while farmland was negatively correlated with shredders and collector-filterers. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that shredders were mainly driven by IOS. In general, the environmental factors and macroinvertebrate community reflect change of human activities more effectively than the functional groups based on our study. The research on water environment and macroinvertebrate community structure can provide a theoretical basis for riparian land use protection.