To better understand the mechanism regulating the species diversity of mixed broadleaved-Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forest, the species diversity index, goodness-of-fit test of six models for species-abundance distribution, and the significance test between environmental factors and ordination axis of arbor and shrub in the different topographies of mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest were analyzed. The results showed that the abundance of arbor at the shady and semi-shady slopes is significantly higher than that in the semi-sunny slopes. The shrubs at slope gradient greater than 25 degrees were significantly higher than that at slope gradient less than 6 degrees. The slope position exhibited a significant effect on the four diversity indices of shrub, and valley was significantly lower than those of other slope positions. The four diversity indices of arbor at the shady and semi-shady slopes are significantly higher than those at flats. Statistical models, niche models, and neutral models can be tested by fitting goodness under different topographies, but species distribution in different topographies was not obvious. The effects of topographic factors on species diversity of arbor were in the order:elevation > concavity > slope aspect > slope aspect > slope position. The effects of topographic factors on species diversity of shrub were in the order:slope position > elevation > slope position > slope gradient > concavity. The effects of soil factors on species diversity of arbor were in the order:pH > BD > SHN > SAK. The effects of soil factors on species diversity of shrub were in the order:pH > SOC > SAP > STN > STP. In general, the species diversity increased with the increase in slope, and the species diversity at shady slope was the highest, and that at the valley was the lowest.