Based on 647 datasets of eddy covariance fluxes across the world, we analyzed the relationships of the temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) values of photosynthesis (Q_10,G) and respiration (Q_10,R) processes of the terrestrial ecosystems with latitude, climate types, and plant functional types. Our results showed that both Q_10,G and Q_10,R increased with latitude; Q_10,G and Q_10,R values were 3.99 ±0.21 and 2.28 ±0.074, respectively. Except woody savannas, for most of plant functional types, Q_10,G values were higher than Q_10,R values. Temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration and photosynthesis differed across plant functional types, which is mainly caused by variation in seasonality. Both Q_10,G and Q_10,R values of ecosystems in coniferous forests were greater than those in broad-leaved forests were, and these values were higher in deciduous forests than in evergreen forests. Two-way analysis of variance of Q₁₀ among the latitude and plant functional types revealed that plant functional types contributed the most to the total variation of Q₁₀. Both Q_10,G and Q_10,R were affected by climate types. Among the climatic zones, the lowest Q_10,G value was found in the arid region, whereas the largest was obtained in cold-temperate region. Except for temperate grasslands, photosynthesis was more sensitive to temperature than respiration was among different climate types. Under extreme conditions, temperature may not be the dominant factor, whereas the effect of soil water content should not be ignored. Further studies are needed to investigate the response of temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration to the variation in water availability.