To explore the relationships between the diversity of forest soil mite communities and environmental factors in the arid area of northwest China, soil mite communities and environmental factors in 7 different habitats in Tianshan Forest Park of Xinjiang were measured in 2014. The relationships between the diversity of soil mite communities and 10 environmental variables were analyzed by a detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA). A total of 24399 adult specimens of soil mites were captured, belonging to 4 orders, 56 families, and 108 genera (including 9 new records in China), Oribatella was the dominant group. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there were significant differences in the diversity indices of soil mite communities among the 7 habitats (P < 0.05). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) decreased as follows:coniferous forest > nursery garden > broad-leaved forest > shrubbery > conifer-broadleaf forest > meadow steppe > glade grass. RDA indicated that the first and the second axes explained 34.8% and 27.3% of variation in the main community variables of soil mites, respectively, and all the environmental factors explained 82.1% of the variation in the species composition of soil mite communities. A Monte Carlo displacement test showed that there was a significant correlation between the 10 environmental factors and all ordination axes (F=7.355, P=0.002). Altitude, soil water content, and organic matter content had significant effects on the structure and diversity of the mite community.