Mining and the transportation of its products can contaminate the environment with heavy metals, which can accumulate in organisms. Pollution caused by these effects in Ewirgol, China, was described quantitatively, and the accumulation of heavy metals absorbed by the leaves of Picea schrenkiana, a dominant tree species in the Tianshan District, was investigated. Leaf and soil samples were collected from the roadside in Ewirgol mining area, within a vertical distance of 0-500 m to measure the As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn contents. Thus, the enrichment effect and spatial differentiation characteristics of heavy metals were analyzed. The results showed that the heavy metal contents of soils and P. schrenkiana leaves varied significantly (P < 0.05); Pb content in leaves, with an average value of 86.28 μg/g, was significantly higher than that of other heavy metals (P < 0.05). Cu and Zn contents exceeded the first level in the Environmental Quality Standard for soils, and As was 41% higher than the third level. Furthermore, heavy metals in soils and P. schrenkiana leaves in Bangfanggou, approximately 50 km south of Vrümqi, were referred to as the criteria evaluating pollution. The comprehensive pollution index of heavy metals in leaves was 2.05, which indicated moderate pollution, and the single pollution indexes for As and Pb were higher at 3.65 and 2.57, respectively. The soil pollution index was 1.69, indicating light pollution. As the distance from the road increased, Pb content in soil and leaves decreased along a negative linear gradient; the contents of both As and Cu first increased then decreased. Soil Cr and Zn contents increased gradually with increased distance from the road, but Cr content in leaves gradually decreased, while that of Zn remained stable. Lastly, redundancy analysis showed that soil As, Cu, and Pb were positively correlated with diameter at breast height and height of dry wood, with negative correlations for Cr and Zn. Therefore, soils and P. schrenkiana trees in the study area were affected by the transportation of mining products, and ecological restoration and conservation in this area is critical.