Phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC), which can be stabilized in the soils for thousands of years, is one of the important mechanisms for long-term carbon sequestration in terrestrial plant ecosystems. In this study, we selected two typical sympodial bamboos [Dendrocalamopsis oldhami (Munro) Keng f., (DOK) and Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro, (DLM)] in the subtropical area of China as research subjects and collected the samples of leaves, branches, and culms in Nanjing, Fujian province. Phytolith in the samples were extracted using a microwave digestion method and their PhytOC content were determined using the alkaline solution method, with the aim of comparing the PhytOC sequestration rates and stocks of DOK and DLM. The results showed that silicon (Si) content in the above-ground parts of DOK and DLM ranged from 4.95 to 37.53 and from 2.01 to 34.05 g/kg, respectively, whereas phytolith content ranged from 3.35 to 100.80 and from 1.57 to 84.06 g/kg, respectively. The content of both Si and phytoliths decreased in the order: leaves > branches > culms. The PhytOC in above-ground parts of DOK and DLM ranged from 0.51 to 2.85 and from 0.17 to 2.22 g/kg, respectively, whereas their PhytOC stocks ranged from 5.1 to 13.9 and from 1.2 to 6.3 kg/hm² , respectively. The highest PhytOC stocks in the different organs of above-ground parts of DOK and DLM were observed in leaves and branches, respectively. The total PhytOC stocks in above-ground parts of DOK and DLM were 24.3 and 11.1 kg/hm², respectively. The PhytOC sequestration rates of above-ground parts of DOK and DLM were 0.051-0.131 and 0.0099-0.0139 t-e-CO₂ hm^-2 a^-1, respectively. The PhytOC amounts sequestrated by DOK and DLM stands in China are estimated to be 1965.29 and 1520.11 t CO₂/a, respectively.