This paper is based on two periods of landscape type maps derived from remote sensed data and basic data, according to the present and characteristics of the landscape ecosystems in regions before and after the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake. The paper analyzed the process of change in the landscape ecosystem and heterogeneity in landscape ecology with different earthquake intensity. In order to evaluate the extent of damaged landscape ecology, and by means of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a synthetically index system from two aspects of landscape-stability and heterogeneity was established. The main results are the following: （1）Large scale of woodland, farmland and grassland were damaged by the Wenchuan Earthquake; landslides and collapses took place, this caused a great number of bare land and bare rock that emerged after the disaster. The change area where earthquake of M≥9 of woodland and farmland reduced by 458.48km2 and 91.16 km2 respectively. The bare land area and bare rock region increased by 496.23km2, and the range ability related to 947.51%. In the Ⅸ level region, relatively lighter influence acts on landscape change, and the variation ranges are all below 2%, the ecosystem is slightly damaged. On the contrary, in the tenth seismic intensity region, damages on the ecosystem are more obvious, and the bare land and bare rock in this region increased by 126.17km2, it is about 7 times contrast to previous status. However, in the eleventh seismic intensity region, where the centre of that hazard earthquake stay, it heavily damaged the ecosystem, and it manifested as obviously change of all vegetation types. The bare land area increased by 334.47km2, for instance, and that is 29.34 times to the earliest situation. All of woodland, grassland and farmland are likewise decreased by 308.04km2, 14.36km2. （2）On the analysis of landscape indexes which belong to beyond Ⅸ level region show that the ecosystem is originally fragile. The ecosystem′s fragility is reflected by its diversity, homogeneity, fragmentation degree and dominance of local landscape ecosystem. But every target showed that the degeneration of environment and spatial heterogeneity, evidently, after quake.（3）Referring to Sturges′ evaluation criterion, the landscape stability and the variability, integrated score of each landscape ecological damage region are 0.42, 0.66 and 0.80, separately; and the corresponding destruction can be defined as moderate damage, severe damage and awful damage. In another words, the integrated score of the eighth seismic intensity region should be below 0.4, and should belong to the slightly damaged level. Owning to the overall merit, after-disaster of the‘5.12’ Wenchuan Earthquake, reconstruction and reconstruction projects should focus mainly on the ninth and above seismic intensity regions.