不同坡度缓冲带径流污染净化效果及其最佳宽度
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上海市科学技术委员会科研计划资助项目(04DZ12032)


Effects of slope and width of riparian buffer strips on runoff purification
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    摘要:

    在前期资料调研、小试试验和基地选址的基础上,选择百慕大草皮构建了2%、3%、4%和5%四种不同坡度结构的滨岸缓冲带试验基地,开展径流污染物净化效果现场试验。结果表明,坡度与缓冲带径流悬浮固体颗粒物(SS)截留效果显著相关,19m长的2%坡度缓冲带末端的SS截留率达到84%,而5%坡度只有70%;2%坡度缓冲带末端渗流出水总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)平均浓度分别比5%坡度低1.63 mg·L-1和0.1mg·L-1,在进水TP平均浓度范围为0.9~1.0 mg·L-1时,4种不同坡度试验带的渗流出水TP浓度均低于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)Ⅳ类水标准;通过计算,末端SS去除率为80%时,2%坡度需要的缓冲带最佳宽度为16.1m,5%坡度则为24.7m,两者相差达8.6m。

    Abstract:

    A series of pilot experiments of runoff pollution purification were conducted on riparian buffer strips covered with Cynodon dactylon at different slopes of 2, 3, 4, and 5%. Results showed that there is a significant relationship between slope gradient and intercept rate of suspended solid (SS) carried by runoff. 84% of SS was trapped on the 19m long strip with the slope of 2%, while 70% of SS removal on the slope of 5%. TN and TP removal rates were higher at the slope of 2% than that at 5%, in which average concentrations of seepage at the slope of 2% were lowed up to 1.63 mg N·L-1 and 0.1 P mg·L-1 respectively, while effluent TPs in all experiment treatments were met surface water criteria Class IV (GB3838-2002) with influent TPs varied from 0.9-1.0 mg·L-1. Results also showed that the optimal strip width was 16.1m at the slope of 2%, compared to 24.7m at 5%.

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王敏,吴建强,黄沈发,吴健.不同坡度缓冲带径流污染净化效果及其最佳宽度.生态学报,2008,28(10):4951~4956

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