Figs (Ficus) and their pollinators (Agaonidae) constitute fascinating extreme case of specialization in plant-insect interaction. About 750 species of Ficus occur worldwide in the tropics and subtropics, and are considered keystone species in tropical forests owing to their year-round bearing fruit. There are 99 species of Ficus in China, and most are dioecious (about 72%). They are mainly distributed in the Southwest and South of China. Generally dioecious figs have greater adaptive capacity than monoecious ones and can exist in higher seasonal environment. The distribution of fig trees in the world was presented in this paper, and then the distribution and research advance of fig species in China were elaborated，suggesting the importance of understanding of Ficus species occurred in China for the worldwide researches