Abstract:Under the context of global warming, the characteristics of extreme precipitation events have undergone significant changes, with notable increases in spatial extent, intensity, and frequency. These changes pose serious challenges to regional disaster prevention and ecosystem stability. However, existing studies on the identification of extreme precipitation events have predominantly focused on either the temporal dimension or the spatial dimension alone. Such one-dimensional analyses are insufficient to comprehensively characterize both the temporal persistence and spatial expansion of extreme precipitation processes, limiting the comprehensive understanding of their full-dimensional evolution. To address this limitation, this study focused on the Yangtze River Basin, a region highly susceptible to flood hazards, and employed high-resolution gridded daily precipitation data at 0.1° spatial resolution for the period 1961-2022. A three-dimensional clustering algorithm that integrates longitude, latitude, and time dimensions was applied to identify continuous extreme precipitation events across the basin. For each identified event, key characteristics including duration, spatial extent, total intensity, average intensity, and centroid location were extracted to systematically investigate their spatiotemporal evolution patterns. The results revealed that the majority of continuous extreme precipitation events persist for 2-3 days, accounting for more than 90% of the total identified events. These events generally exhibited relatively limited spatial extent and lower intensity. From a temporal perspective, both the spatial extent and total intensity of these events exhibited certain interannual variability. Meanwhile a distinct shift was observed beginning in the 1990s, characterized by a marked increase in event duration and a higher frequency of events with greater total intensity. In particular, the annual cumulative total intensity of these events exhibited a significant upward trend, indicating a strengthening cumulative effect of continuous extreme precipitation and a consequent elevation in potential flood disaster risks. From a spatial perspective, continuous extreme precipitation events exhibited pronounced regional heterogeneity across the Yangtze River Basin. Specifically, the middle and lower reaches of the basin were more prone to experiencing long-duration events with high average intensity, whereas events characterized by large total intensity were mainly concentrated in the middle and lower reaches and in the Sichuan Basin. By integrating spatial and temporal dimensions within a unified analytical framework, the three-dimensional clustering method effectively captures the process-oriented and holistic characteristics of extreme precipitation events. This approach enables a more comprehensive understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of continuous extreme precipitation and provides valuable scientific support for regional flood risk management, ecosystem stability maintenance, and the development of climate change adaptation strategies.