Realizing the value of mine ecological products is a crucial initiative for advancing the construction of green mines and ecological civilization. This paper first elucidates the scientific connotation, logical underpinnings, and operational mechanisms of mine ecological product value realization, systematically revealing its theoretical basis and internal logic. Then, based on dimension such as value endowment, institutional rules, and practical experience, it identifies four fundamental modes for realizing the value of mine ecological products: mine safety baseline realization, primitive utilization of mine resources, mine property rights transaction-driven, and mine industry integration and value-added. The value realization pathways of each mode are analyzed in detail. Using typical cases released by the Ministry of Natural Resources as samples, the modes are matched, analyzed, and compared; the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework is employed to systematically evaluate the applicable conditions and core characteristics of each mode. The study finds that different modes exhibit distinct characteristics in terms of external variables, action situations, and outcomes. Currently, the realization of mine ecological product value still faces challenges such as unclear property rights definition, capital shortage and financing difficulties, imperfect market transaction mechanisms, and imbalanced benefit distribution among multiple stakeholders. Based on this, corresponding optimization strategies are proposed from the perspectives of improving the property rights system and legal regulations, refining market-oriented mechanisms, and constructing a collaborative governance system involved with multiple stakeholders. The research findings enrich the theoretical framework of ecological product value realization and provide practical references for adapting suitable value realization models for historical mines. This study is of great significance for enhancing the supply quality and capacity of ecological products in mining areas, as well as achieving high-level protection and high-efficiency utilization of natural resources.