The perennial herb Stelleropsis altaica (Thieb.) Pobed.(hereinafter abbreviated as S. altaica), endemic to the Ili region of Xinjiang, China, has undergone rapid population expansion in recent decades. This proliferation has substantially degraded native grassland ecosystems, resulting in diminished forage productivity, decreased biodiversity, and compromised ecological functions. Consequently, the development of effective management strategies is imperative to facilitate ecological restoration and ensure sustainable grassland utilization.This study systematically evaluated three individual control modalities-chemical herbicide application (low-toxicity formulation), mechanical mowing, and nutrient fertilization (N-P-K: 18-18-18)-as well as four integrated management approaches: mowing combined with chemical herbicide application, mowing with fertilization, chemical application with fertilization, and the full combination of mowing, chemical treatment, and fertilization. The research assessed their impacts on key bioecological parameters of S. altaica, including plant stature, growth rate, biomass accumulation, and dispersal dynamics. To determine stage-specific efficacy, all treatments were implemented during two critical phenological phases: the green-up period (May 5) and the peak flowering stage (June 20).Experimental plots were monitored throughout the growing season, with regular assessments of morphological traits, growth velocities, and dispersal metrics. Statistical analyses were conducted to elucidate the differential effects of individual and combined interventions.The findings indicated that:(1) All treatment regimes significantly suppressed the growth and dispersal of S. altaica relative to untreated controls. The most effective strategy-mowing combined with chemical herbicide application and fertilization-reduced mean plant height by 74.6%, growth rate by 68.7%, and population dispersal rate by 50.1%;(2) Interventions applied during the peak flowering stage demonstrated markedly superior efficacy compared to those applied during the green-up phase. The combined mowing+chemical+fertilization treatment during flowering surpassed all individual measures;(3) The optimal management during the green-up stage was the integrated mowing+chemical+fertilization approach, whereas during the peak flowering stage, mowing combined with fertilization alone yielded the highest control effectiveness;(4) A comprehensive evaluation considering ecological benefits, economic feasibility, and control effectiveness identified the mowing+chemical+fertilization strategy as the most promising management option.This research elucidates the synergistic effects of phenological timing and combined control measures in suppressing S. altaica, providing a scientific basis for ecological management of rain-fed grasslands in Zhaosu, Ili. The results offer practical, economically viable, and environmentally sustainable guidance for local grassland managers, supporting ecological functions restoration and promoting sustainable utilization of grassland resources.