The valuation of cultivated land ecological products serves as the foundation for realizing their value and provides a theoretical basis for formulating agricultural ecological compensation standards. Accurately calculating the value of cultivated land ecological products and constructing a horizontal ecological compensation scheme are of great significance for promoting cultivated land protection and enhancing the overall regional sustainable development capacity. Taking the cultivated land ecological products in Hunan Province as the research object, this study explores the internal mechanism between the "trinity" protection of cultivated land and these products. A value accounting system is constructed from the new perspectives of production, ecology, and living. Based on the ecological function value for compensation, the ecological spill - over values of each prefecture - level city are calculated. A horizontal ecological compensation scheme is formulated in combination with the socio - economic conditions. Finally, the entropy - weight TOPSIS method is used to obtain the protection level of quantity, quality and ecology level of cultivated land, which serves as an adjustment coefficient to determine the ecological compensation amount for each prefecture - level city in Hunan Province. The results show that: (1) In 2022, the value of cultivated land ecological products in Hunan Province was 562.645 billion yuan, and Shaoyang, Yongzhou, and Changsha were the main supply areas; (2) Changsha had the highest protection of quantity, quality and ecology level of cultivated land, while the differences among other prefecture - level cities were not significant; (3) Based on the study of the spill - over of ecological function services of cultivated land, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan, and Yueyang, as relatively affluent economic regions benefiting from the ecological functions, should provide ecological compensation; Shaoyang, Zhangjiajie, Chenzhou, Yongzhou, Huaihua, and Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture provided ecological function services for Hunan Province but had relatively underdeveloped economies, so they should receive ecological compensation; (4) The horizontal ecological compensation amount in Hunan Province was 44.2233 million yuan, accounting for 0.0049% of the province's general public budget expenditure, indicating high feasibility.