This study investigated the effects of six vines (Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Pueraria montana, Mucuna sempervirens, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Hedera nepalensis, Campsis grandiflora) on soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity of high and steep rock wall in mining area under different soil cover thicknesses (20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm). The results showed that: (1) Soil thickness, vine species, and their interaction had significant effects on soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity. (2) The soil moisture content (SMC) of P. quinquefolia increased significantly with the increase of soil layer (P<0.05). H. nepalensis showed the highest SMC, SOC content, TN content, and ammonium nitrogen content under 20 cm soil thickness. P. lobata showed the lowest TN content and the highest TP content in the three covered soil layers, while other plants also showed their own nutrient enrichment advantages in different soil layers. The soil N/P of each vine vegetation type under different soil thickness was lower than the average value of 4.92 in the subtropical region of China. (3) The activities of hemicellulase (CB), acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) decreased with the increase of soil cover thickness, and the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (BG) and acid phosphatase (AP) increased with the increase of soil cover thickness. In addition, the soil enzyme C/N ratios of different lianas planted in the three soil thicknesses were lower than the global average of terrestrial ecosystems (1.41), while the enzyme N/P was higher than the global soil enzyme N/P (0.44). (4) Correlation and principal component analysis showed that the correlation between soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activity was different in different soil thicknesses. The highest comprehensive scores of soil properties of vines planted in the three soil thicknesses were H.nepalensis, M.sempervirens, and P. quinquefolia. In summary, in this experimental area, the improvement effect of H.nepalensis on soil nutrients was the best at 20 cm soil thickness, while the planting of M.sempervirens and P. quinquefolia showed better soil remediation potential at 40 cm and 60 cm soil thickness. However, the growth of soil microorganisms and vines in the experimental area was limited by nitrogen. Furthermore, total nutrients, available phosphorus (APC), BG, CB, NAG, AP, and enzyme stoichiometric ratios closely affected soil fertility and vine growth. The results of this study can not only enrich the theoretical basis of soil remediation in mining areas, but also provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the actual vegetation restoration project in mining areas.