Global climate change is driving systematic reorganization of the spatial configuration of climatic elements. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the mechanisms through which evolving climatic patterns affect vegetation productivity. This study quantitatively assesses the impacts of climatic pattern changes on net primary productivity (NPP) across multiple spatial scales (global, continental, national, and regional) from 1980 to 2022 by constructing a novel climatic pattern index.Research has found: (1) At the global scale, precipitation pattern convergence caused highly significant NPP increases, while temperature pattern convergence led to highly significant NPP decreases. As precipitation pattern changes exerted substantially greater influence on NPP than temperature patterns, precipitation emerged as the dominant climatic factor governing NPP variations; (2) Cross-scale results show that the response relationship between climate patterns and NPP is consistent at global, continental (Asia), national (China), and regional (Tibetan Plateau) scales, confirming that this mechanism possesses a certain degree of universality within the context of global warming. (3) From 1980 to 2022, all studied scales exhibited the same fundamental relationship: climatic pattern convergence consistently resulted in statistically significant NPP increases. This study has for the first time achieved a quantitative estimation of the impact of climate patterns on vegetation productivity, providing a new theoretical framework for improving the biogeochemical cycle module in Earth system models.