基于供需关系的广东省生态系统服务空间流动研究
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1.广东财经大学公共管理学院;2.中山大学

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省、部研究计划基金


Study on spatial flow of ecosystem services in Guangdong Province based on supply-demand relationship
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1.School of Public Administration,Guangdong University of Finance Economics;2.School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-Sen University

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    摘要:

    生态系统服务供需在空间上存在不平衡关系,促成生态系统服务流动过程,对区域生态安全与社会经济的可持续发展具有重要影响,厘清其空间流动过程与强度等至关重要。以经济高速发展与生态环境保护权衡博弈突出的广东省做典型案例区,基于InVEST、RUSLE、CASA 等模型综合测评生态系统服务供需能力及其空间匹配特征,进而通过构建断裂点模型和场强模型揭示其生态系统服务的流动过程、范围和流动强度。结果表明:(1)2000年—2020 年,广东省整体生态系统服务供给和需求能力区域差异特征显著,同“一核一区一带”的空间发展定位相一致,北部生态屏障区的生态服务供给能力明显较强,珠江三角洲地区随着经济持续发展和居民消费水平的提升,形成生态服务需求核心高值区域,并呈现出放射状向外围地区递减的格局特征。(2)广东省生态服务整体大致处于一个供略大于求的稳定状态,珠三角地区为明显的强需求区,尤其人口稠密、经济发达、产业集聚的广州-佛山城市带和深圳-东莞城市带更为突出,粮食生产及产水服务的主要供给区为粤西、粤北地区,固碳服务也主要来源于粤北地区,土壤保持服务为粤东和粤北地区的主要供给。(3)全省生态系统服务流在空间上形成了以一个以珠江三角洲入海口两侧的城市群为主要强需求区,生态系统服务流入为主,粤东西北地区疏散供给流出为主的空间流动格局。珠三角地区能够被大部分供给区的最大流动范围所覆盖,其生态系统服务流动密集,平均流动强度高,存在明显的虹吸效应;粤西及粤东城市的中心城区也有流入,但流动强度和密度明细低于珠三角地区。生态系统服务的空间差异性产生了供需关系的空间联系,生态系统服务流动的空间差异受到自然、社会经济、土地利用、利益相关者及多因素的远程耦合影响。

    Abstract:

    The spatial dynamics of ecosystem services are characterized by an imbalance between supply and demand, which drives the flow of these services and significantly affects regional ecological security and the sustainable development of the social economy. It is critical to clarify the process and intensity of spatial flow. Taking Guangdong Province as a typical case area, where the trade-off game between rapid economic development and ecological environment protection is prominent, and comprehensively evaluates its main ecosystem service types and supply capacity based on InVEST, RUSLE, CASA and other models. The study evaluates its demand capacity from the dimensions of land use, population and economic development, and analyzes the spatial matching characteristics of its ecosystem services supply and demand. The breaking point model and field strength model are constructed to reveal the flow process, scope and flow intensity of ecosystem services. The results showed: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the regional differences in the overall ecosystem services supply and demand capacity of Guangdong Province were significant, which was consistent with the spatial development orientation of ‘one core, one area and one belt’. The ecological services supply capacity of the northern ecological barrier zone was significantly stronger. With the continuous economic development and the improvement of residents ' consumption level, the Pearl River Delta region has formed a core high-value area of ecological services demand, and has shown a pattern of decreasing radially to the periphery. (2) The ecological services in Guangdong Province are generally in a stable state of slightly oversupply. The Guangzhou-Foshan urban belt and the Shenzhen-Dongguan urban belt are obviously low-value areas of supply and demand ratios. The western and northern Guangdong regions are the main supply areas of grain production services and water yield services, the northern Guangdong region is the main supply area of carbon sequestration services, and the soil conservation services are the main supply in eastern and northern Guangdong. (3) The flow of ecosystem services in the province has formed a demand area dominated by urban agglomerations on both sides of the Pearl River Delta estuary, and the inflow of ecosystem services is the mainstay. The eastern and western Guangdong are mainly evacuated and supplied outflow. The Pearl River Delta region can be covered by the maximum flow range of most supply areas, and its ecosystem services flow intensively, with high average flow intensity and obvious siphon effects; There are also inflows in the central urban areas of western and eastern Guangdong, but the flow intensity and density are lower than those in the Pearl River Delta region. The spatial difference of ecosystem services produces the spatial relationship between supply and demand. The spatial difference of ecosystem services flow is affected by the remote coupling of nature, social economy, land use, stakeholders and multiple factors.

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徐茜,卢芷欣,许莹杰,林子晴,杨忍.基于供需关系的广东省生态系统服务空间流动研究.生态学报,,(). http://dx. doi. org/[doi]

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