Pocket parks, as essential components of urban open spaces, are small-scale green areas dispersed in patchy formations within dense city structures. These micro-spaces serve crucial roles in facilitating outdoor activities for city dwellers. In the context of increasingly frequent global heatwaves, enhancing the thermal environment of pocket parks has emerged as a vital strategy to optimize urban settings, mitigate health risks associated with extreme heat, and elevate residents' overall well-being.Traditional studies on thermal comfort primarily focus on physical thermal conditions, integrating quantitative metrics such as metabolic rates, skin temperatures, and clothing resistance, supplemented by questionnaires for comfort assessments. With the support of the principles of landscape ecology, this study extends into thermal perception using pocket parks in Xiamen's historic district as a case study, employing authentic landscape photography in controlled laboratory visual stimulation experiments, allowing for a more nuanced understanding of how individuals interact with and perceive these spaces. Departing from conventional thermal comfort indices, the mutual verification was carried out from the three key dimensions of psychology, behavior and physiology. Specifically, the comparative study of objective behavioral data (eye movement) and physiological data (EDA) were added on the basis of subjective psychological data (questionnaire) to reveal the characterization features and differences between subjective and objective indexes in thermal comfort judgment, and the reasons for the differences are analyzed from the psychological path of "sensation-cognition-decision". The experimental data objectively delineate individuals' physiological and psychological states during visual perception, elucidating connections between visual behavior, cognitive processes, and emotional responses, these findings help uncover the mechanisms that influence thermal comfort judgments in pocket parks. Key findings indicate: (1) People's visual attention towards park landscapes aligns closely with individual interests and needs; (2) Thermal environment-related landscape elements are predominantly perceived through rapid scanning or peripheral vision; (3) Visual perceptions, coupled with individual thermal associations, converted into the judgments of thermal comfort; (4) Changes in EDA responses triggered by visual stimuli correlate significantly with overall proportions of greenery and shade, underscoring their pivotal roles in shaping park thermal comfort experiences. In conclusion, this research advocates for sustainable urban development by emphasizing the importance of human-environment interactions in design practices. It challenges traditional paradigms in urban design which focused solely on green visibility and introduces a novel perspective advocating for integrated designs of greenery and shade to optimize thermal environments. The study offers a refined and scientifically grounded approach to constructing future cities that are low-carbon, , energy-efficient, and livable.