Wolves (Canis lupus), dholes (Cuon alpinus), and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) constitute key members of terrestrial predator guilds. Investigating the spatial and temporal ecological characteristics of interspecific interactions among these species holds significant biological and conservation value. Utilizing 2021-2024 infrared camera data from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau's northeastern margin, including the Xinjiang Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve, Xinjiang Lop Nur Wild Camel National Nature Reserve, and the Gansu Annanba National Nature Reserve, we employed enhanced MaxEnt modeling with kernel density estimation to quantify interspecific niche differentiation among and within wolves, dholes, and red foxes. The results showed that: (1) The enhanced MaxEnt model demonstrated excellent predictive performance (AUC: wolf=0.966, dhole=0.941, red fox=0.960). Key habitat factors for wolves were the NDVI (26.1%), elevation (14.8%), and distance to railway (14%); for dholes, they were slope (62.1%), NDVI (23.2%), and distance to railway (3.1%); and for red foxes, they were the NDVI (29.3%), elevation (16.5%), and distance to railway (12.5%). (2) The spatial niche overlap among wolves, dholes, and red foxes was relatively high, with habitat spatial overlap indices: wolf-dhole=0.53, wolf-red fox=0.78, dhole-red fox=0.63, respectively. Additionally, the infrared camera data recorded that the average elevation for wolves was (3053±775)m, for dholes (3231±737)m, and for red foxes (3297±787)m. This indicates that red foxes have the broadest spatial range, followed by wolves, with dholes having the narrowest range.(3) Wolves, dholes, and red foxes are active throughout the year. Wolves and dholes are primarily diurnal, while red foxes are primarily nocturnal. The daily activity rhythms of wolves and red foxes are unimodal, while dholes exhibit a bimodal pattern. Intraspecifically, wolves and red foxes have high overlap across different seasons, whereas dholes have a low overlap coefficient across seasons. (4) There was significant temporal niche differentiation (P<0.05) among the three carnivores, with wolves being active later than dholes, and red foxes clearly avoiding the activity periods of both wolves and dholes. This study reveals that temporal niche differentiation among wolves, dholes, and red foxes in the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a key foundation for the coexistence of sympatric species, establishing a scientific framework for conserving sympatric canids and mesocarnivores. Since this study only analyzed the ecological relationships among wolves, dholes, and red foxes from spatial and temporal perspectives, without considering factors such as nutritional differences and the uniformity of infrared camera deployment, future research could further utilize more comprehensive or novel survey and monitoring technologies to comprehensively elucidate the coexistence mechanisms of these three species in the region from nutritional, temporal, and spatial perspectives