The high-altitude alpine meadow grassland area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an important ecological barrier in southwestern China. However, its ecological environment has been seriously damaged by social and economic development and infrastructure construction in recent years, and soil erosion has become increasingly serious. Therefore, this study focused on the disturbed slopes of the alpine meadow in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Through simulated rainfall experiments under different rainfall intensities (30mm/h, 60mm/h), slope angles (20°, 30°, 40°), and turf resurfacing ratios (grass cover restoration, 2/3 grass cover restoration, full grass cover restoration), we aim to reveal the erosion mechanisms of sandy loam slopes in the study area. The results showed that: (1) As the grass cover restoration ratio increases, the sediment and runoff generation on the slope decreases significantly; under the rainfall intensity of 30mm/h and slope angle of 20°, the 30-minute cumulative sediment and runoff generation on the full grass cover restoration slope were 53.5% and 40.67% of those on the 1/3 grass cover restoration slope, respectively. (2) As the rainfall intensity increases, the sediment and runoff generation on slopes with different grass cover restoration ratios increases significantly, but the increase in grass cover restoration ratio's efficiency in reducing sediment and runoff generation was decreasing; when the rainfall intensity is 60mm/h, the 30-minute cumulative sediment and runoff generation on the 1/3 grass cover restoration, 2/3 grass cover restoration, and full grass cover restoration slopes were 3.34, 2.48, and 2.18 times, and 1.42, 1.11, and 1.03 times of those under 30mm/h rainfall intensity, respectively. (3) Comparing the sediment yield processes of different land uses, the increase in slope had a more significant impact on sediment yield. Under a rainfall intensity of 30mm/h, the 3/4 grass cover slope had a sediment yield of 22.51g, 30.43g and 46.22g after 30 minutes of precipitation at slopes of 20°, 30° and 40° respectively. (4) The cumulative sediment yield and sediment yield of the slope showed a significant power function Y=aX^b relationship, and as the rainfall intensity increases, the correlation between sediment yield and sediment yield on the slope becomes more significant (R²>0.978). However, when the slope and rainfall intensity increase to a certain extent, the water and sediment control effect of the 2/3 grass cover was basically the same as that of the full grass cover, and the vegetation coverage no longer had a significant effect on reducing sediment yield. These research results can provide important reference for water and soil loss prevention and ecological restoration in the high-altitude meadow grassland area.