Understanding the spatial correlation network structure of harmonious symbiosis development among agricultural production,farmers' living,and rural ecology(abbreviated as rural PLE) from a complex network perspective is of great significance for practicing the concept of sustainable development and promoting rural revitalization in a coordinated manner. This study employed a coupling coordination model to assess the level of harmonious symbiosis development among agricultural production,farmers' living,and rural ecology in rural China across 30 provinces from 1999 to 2021,followed by the application of Moran's I index to test its spatial correlation. Furthermore,a modified gravity model,social network analysis and QAP regression analysis were utilized to uncover its network structure and formation mechanism. The results show that: (1) The level of harmonious symbiosis development among agricultural production,farmers' living,and rural ecology in rural areas in China generally exhibited an upward trend,but the level remained relatively low,with evident inter-regional and inter-provincial disparities,indicating poor regional coordination. (2) The spatial correlation network pattern of the harmonious symbiosis development among agricultural production,farmers' living,and rural ecology in rural areas in China has been established. The stability of the network was constantly improving,and the accessibility between network nodes was good,but the spatial correlation primarily relied on neighboring relationships,indicating a necessity to enhance cross-regional interaction and cooperation. (3) Provinces like Henan and Shaanxi in central and western China held core positions within the network,acting as intermediaries and connectors. Conversely,provinces in the east and northeast,such as Zhejiang and Heilongjiang,occupied peripheral positions and predominantly benefited from the network,exhibiting limited spatial spillover effects,particularly on the western region. (4) The spatial adjacency relationship,differences in rural broadband access users,industrialization levels,and agricultural production levels continuously exerted a significant impact on the formation of spatial correlation networks,while factors like economic development disparities displayed varying impacts over time,and urbanization level disparities had an insignificant effect.