Rhizosphere soil bacteria of halophytes are effective tools for ecological management of saline-alkali land; however, the high variability in their cultivation and the limited functional exploration hinder the enhancement of their utilization efficiency. To improve the utilization efficiency of rhizosphere bacteria of halophyte plants in the Yellow River irrigation area, six halophyte species, Limonium aureum, Achnatherum splendens, Suaeda glauca, Phragmites australis, Leymus chinensis, Messerschmidia sibirica Linn, were selected from the saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Irrigation area of Ordos. The rhizosphere bacterial communities and composition within six species of halophytic plants were examined using 16S amplicon sequencing, and their functions were predicted by literature review and PICRUSt2 method. The results show that: A total of 38 phyla, 97 classes, 226 orders, 372 families and 659 genera of bacteria were identified in the rhizosphere soil of the six plants. Among them, the predominant and consistently present bacterial groups in the six plants were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes. The PCoA analysis showed that the β diversity of Messerschmidia sibirica Linn, Limonium aureum and Leymus chinensis were similar, and that of Suaeda glauca and Achnatherum splendens were similar. LEfSe analysis showed that there were 6 different types of bacteria in the Suaeda glauca rhizosphere, 5 in Phragmites australis rhizosphere, 2 in Leymus chinensis and 2 in Messerschmidia sibirica Linn. The different rhizosphere bacterial functions of the six plants were significantly different, and the common bacterial functions were related to salt tolerance and growth promotion ability. The functional predictions from PICRUSt2 revaled that the functional abundance of rhizosphere soil of recretoha lophytes was markedly greater than that in other plants (P < 0.05). In conclusion, rhizosphere soil of various plants should be used as screening medium in the screening process of salt-tolerant growth-promoting bacteria, and the application of salt-salted plant should be emphasized. This study provided a theoretical basis for the subsequent cultivation and utilization of rhizosphere soil bacteria of halophyte plants in saline-alkali land along the Yellow River irrigation area.