“盲区削减”与“功能结构协调”双目标导向下的生态网络协同优化——以武汉市为例
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国家自然科学基金项目(72174071)


Research on synergistic optimization of ecological network under the dual-objective orientation of "blind zone reduction" and "functional structure coordination": a case study of Wuhan
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The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan)

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    摘要:

    构建和优化生态网络对解决当前生态问题、保障区域生态安全、实现可持续发展具有重要意义。然而,当前生态网络优化研究鲜有多目标优化研究,更是忽视了多个优化目标间协同优化的作用,缺乏系统的优化框架。因此,提出一种"生态盲区削减-网络功能结构协调"的双目标协同优化框架,并以武汉市为例开展实证研究。运用最小累积阻力模型构建初始生态网络,并开展生态盲区指导下的生态网络优化;然后,基于协调性分析,针对功能结构异配节点,提出针对性的优化措施;采用鲁棒性和结构指数对优化前后生态网络进行评价。结果表明:(1)武汉市初始生态网络含生态源地17个,生态廊道47条,空间分布呈不均衡性;(2)经调整型生态源地、新增型生态源地、补充生态廊道和非源地斑块优化后,生态盲区占比从31.77%降至15.37%;(3)新增17条廊道,实施三级差异化生态建设后,实现了生态网络协调性;(4)优化后的生态网络结构指数αβγ分别提高69.16%、56.16%和47.12%,鲁棒性也更强。研究得出,该双目标协同优化模型不仅能够实现各自的优化目标,还能增强生态网络的稳定性。该模型将为生态网络优化研究提供新视角和系统框架,案例结果将为武汉市削减生态盲区、建设功能与结构协调的生态网络提供理论和方法指导。

    Abstract:

    The construction and optimization of ecological network is of great significance in solving current ecological problems, ensuring regional ecological security and achieving sustainable development. However, the current research on ecological network optimization rarely has multiple objectives and ignores the optimization perspective that considers the synergy between multiple optimization objectives, and lacks a systematic optimization framework. Therefore, this study proposed a dual-objective synergistic optimization model, i.e., the model of "ecological blind area reduction and network function structure coordination", in which the former was the basis of the latter optimization, and the latter was able to consolidate the optimization results of the former, and took Wuhan as an example to carry out an empirical study. Firstly, the Minimum Cumulative Resistance model was used to construct the initial ecological network of Wuhan City. Secondly, the initial ecological network was optimized under the guidance of ecological blind area. Then, based on the results of function and structure coordination analysis, targeted optimization measures were proposed for the nodes with functional and structural mismatches. Finally, the robustness and ecological network structure index were used to evaluate the ecological network before and after optimization. The results showed that: (1) the initial ecological network of Wuhan contained 17 ecological sources and 47 ecological corridors, and the spatial distribution was uneven, with dense in the southwest, sparse in the middle, and obvious vacancies in the southeast. (2) Under the guidance of ecological blind areas, the percentage of ecological blind areas reduced from 31.77% to 15.37% after the optimization of the adjusted ecological sources, the new ecological sources, the supplementary ecological corridors and the non-source patches. (3) Based on the results of coordination analysis, the functional and structural coordination of the ecological network was realized by adding 17 new corridors and implementing three-level differentiated construction of ecological sources. (4) The optimized ecological network structure indices α, β, and γ improved by 69.16%, 56.16%, and 47.12%, respectively, and showed stronger robustness in the face of random and deliberate attacks. The study concluded that the dual-objective synergistic optimization model could not only achieve the respective optimization objectives, but also had the potential to produce synergistic effect. At the same time, the stability, complexity, closure and connectivity of the optimized ecological network were enhanced to varying degrees. The model will provide a new perspective and framework for the study of ecological network optimization, and the case results will provide theoretical and methodological guidance for Wuhan to reduce ecological blind areas and build an ecological network with coordinated function and structure.

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吕佩锦,刘艳中,陈勇,张祚,吴丹,孙秋雨,彭莎.“盲区削减”与“功能结构协调”双目标导向下的生态网络协同优化——以武汉市为例.生态学报,2025,45(1):420~433

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