As an important part of freshwater ecosystem,lakes play an irreplaceable role in the survival and development of human beings. It should be noted that the lake environment has been deteriorating and posing a serious threat to the ecological environment of lakes with the rapid development of social economy,and effective governance and scientific management of lake environment is still a difficult task. The continuous development of artificial intelligence technology has brought new opportunities and challenges to the governance of lake environment. Here,we first analyzed the current problems and challenges faced by the management of lake environment in China. Then,we introduced the application status of artificial intelligence in the field of lake environmental management from four aspects,including lake monitoring,simulation and prediction,lake management and lake evaluation. Through the use of intelligent sensors and remote sensing technology,real-time monitoring of lake water quality and ecological conditions can be achieved. Artificial intelligence models can simulate the dynamic changes of lake environments and predict potential risks,providing scientific basis for decision-making. We also analyzed the current problems existing in the application of artificial intelligence in the management of lake environment,and put forward corresponding suggestions and the future development direction. Lake management in China is still faced with problems such as the uneven spatial distribution of water resources,great difficulty in controlling nutrients,the difficulty in ensuring ecological water levels,and the lack of a unified,complete and efficient supervision and technical system. The research believed that the application of artificial intelligence can greatly improve the efficiency of lake environmental governance,expand the scope of research,and improve the precision and accuracy. It also promoted the transformation,upgrading and sustainable development of water environment governance. At the same time,artificial intelligence in the field of lake environmental management is also faced with narrow scope of application,poor reliability,strong dependence on actual measurement,and the lack of application on certain indexes and areas. Thus,the research of related models and methods should be strengthened to improve the portability of models and data accuracy in the future. Overall,it's necessary to conduct in-depth research on the relationship between external factors and lake water quality parameters. Meanwhile,artificial intelligence can be applied to carbon cycle of lake with global change. This study will provide new insights and methods for the prevention and control of pollution in lakes and the guarantee of water quality safety.