Coastal zones have long been subject to dynamic interactions between land and sea, which have led to complex ecological risks, such as habitat fragmentation, degradation of ecological functions, destabilization of ecological structures and drastic reductions in biodiversity. The establishment of a systematic governance framework based on land-sea integration is essential and important for strengthening the resilience of these fragile ecosystems. However, the current situation is characterized by a series of obvious problems: conflicting goals of economic development and ecological protection in the coastal zone, prominent administrative fragmentation of ecological governance, and a lack of synergistic thinking in various types of eco-spatial planning, which hampers the implementation of effective management strategies. Considering those challenges, gulfs with relatively independent ecosystems have emerged as key spatial vectors, offering a promising avenue for implementing an integrated land-sea management approach. Their unique characteristics provide new perspectives for assessing and planning the ecological resilience of coastal zones. By sorting out the ecosystem components of the gulfs, researchers can gain insight into the root causes and generation mechanisms of land-sea ecological hazards. This analysis lays the foundation for clarifying the inherent resilience response mechanism of the Gulf ecosystem. In addition, under the overall goal of land-sea integration, a complete set of gulf ecological resilience indicator assessment system is constructed. Taking Xiamen Gulf as a case study, the researchers explored the complexity of its ecological problems and analyzed the coupling and coordination characteristics of the land-sea resilience of Xiamen Gulf and its evolutionary drivers using relevant models. Turning attention to the weak links in the ecological resilience of Xiamen Gulf, efforts have been made to embark on proactive measures to strengthen its weaknesses. This involves formulating a sound ecological security pattern for the gulf and stabilizing the structure of the resilience network, and delineating and repairing affected resilience spaces and enhancing ecosystem values, and establishing linkage governance and regulatory mechanisms for resilient elements, as well as promoting multi-stakeholder and multi-level cross-border coordination, to enhance the overall resilience of Xiamen Gulf to adapt to external environmental changes. The theoretical foundations and practical experience gained from this study are not limited to Xiamen Gulf, but can also provide valuable ecological and environmental recommendations for other gulf units facing similar challenges. By distilling and building on the best practices gained from this study, planning decision makers and stakeholders can work to promote more resilient and sustainable coastal ecosystems around the world.