The construction of the national park system is a significant initiative in the Chinese ecological civilization development, aimed at enhancing community ecological well-being and achieving harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. Current research on the well-being measurement of communities in the protected areas often focuses on socio-economic well-being, with less consideration given to ecological well-being and its spatial associations. A comprehensive assessment framework for community well-being in China's national parks has been developed, utilizing village A in Wuyishan National Park as a case study to evaluate the social and ecological well-being of its 12 village groups. It explored the coupling coordination relationship between social and ecological well-being and the influencing factors. The optimization strategies for community classification and regulation were proposed based on the analysis of the coupling coordination degree. The results showed that: (1) There was a diminishing trend in the socio-economic well-being of village A from the village road to the east and west sides. High socio-economic groups were concentrated around the village's administrative service centers, benefiting from enhanced policy support and infrastructure. The development of groups with medium socio-economic status was more evenly balanced. However, groups with low socio-economic status often faced challenges in well-being due to disadvantaged locations and insufficient commercial activity. (2) There was a decreasing spatial distribution pattern in the total natural ecological well-being from the north to the south. Found predominantly in higher altitude regions, individuals with high natural ecological well-being experienced enhanced ecosystem services. Groups exhibiting medium natural ecological well-being tended to be located in higher altitude areas or near the administrative service center of village A, benefiting from favorable natural ecological conditions. However, village groups with low natural ecological well-being faced greater challenges due to their unique geographic location and the impact of frequent human activity. (3) The coupling relationship between social and ecological well-being in village A could be divided into four types: coordination, friction, antagonism, and dissonance, with coordination and friction types being predominant. Antagonism and dissonance types were prevalent in the southeast, while coordination and friction types were predominantly observed in the northwest. (4) Freedom of choice and action (0.747), basic living materials (0.742), and household economy (0.732) were the main factors affecting the overall coupling coordination, while the main influencing factors varied among different types of coupling coordination. Optimization recommendations were provided for the primary influencing factors in antagonism and dissonance types, leveraging the successful experiences of coordination and friction types. These recommendations focused on promoting industrial diversification, facilitating the realization of ecological product value, and building social capital and social networks.