Sown grass in orchard can change the physical and chemical properties of soil microenvironment and enhance the root-soil-root interaction between fruit tree and herb species, which may affect its structural composition and functional stability of soil fungal community. In this study, the five-year jujube variety ‘Jinsi4’ (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) was selected as the research object, and three tillage treatments were set in jujube: clear tillage (CK), cropping with Vicia villosa (VV), and cropping with natural grass (ZR) in the interrow to further detect the effects of grass mode in jujube orchard on soil fungal community composition and ecological function by soil high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the Shannon index and Simpson index of soil fungi community in the rhizosphere of jujube increased in VV and ZR groups, while the diversity of soil fungi in the interrow displayed a decreasing trend. The dominated phylum of the fungal community was occupied by Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Mortieromycetes under the three cultivation modes, which reached 79.53%-93.24%. Compared to CK group, cropping with Vicia villosa promoted the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota, and inhibited the relative abundance of Ascomycetes, while cropping with native grass increased the relative abundance of Ascomycetes and reduced the relative abundance of rare phylum in the fungal community. Redundancy analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the diversity of soil fungi community and soil nutrients in VV group. Funguild analysis showed that cropping with Vicia villosa was obviously beneficial to the propagation of saprotrophic fungi in rhizosphere soil, but inhibited the relative abundance of symbiotic trophic fungi. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that cropping with Vicia villosa in jujube orchard significantly increased the nodes and edges of soil fungal network, and promoted the correlation among fungal species and soil functional stability compared to the CK and ZR group. The study mainly analyzed the effects of grass on soil fungal community structure and functional network in jujube orchard, which provided scientific basis for the popularization and application of grass mode in orchard.