The construction of ecological security pattern based on ecosystem services and ecological sensitivity can systematically and holistically promote ecological protection and restoration, and is an important way to build a Chinese-style modernisation in which human beings coexist harmoniously with nature. This paper takes the Qiantang River Basin as the research object, comprehensively applies the ecosystem service trade-off/synergy analysis, ecological sensitivity evaluation, OWA algorithm and hotspot analysis to identify the ecological sources, uses the potential change probability of the future growth of the land to correct the basic resistance surface, applies the circuit theory to identify the key ecological elements, and on the basis of which, constructs the ecological security pattern, determines the key restoration areas, delimits the ecological protection zones, and puts forward the ecological governance zoning strategy. The results show that: (1) there are 35 ecological sources in the Qiantang River Basin, with a total area of 3441.24 km2, accounting for 17.38% of the regional area, mainly distributed in the western and southern ecological environment of the region; (2) identify 44 ecological corridors, with a length of 889.07 km, and the distribution of the corridors shows a dense spiderweb spatial pattern of the central and western parts of the region and a sparse distribution in the eastern part of the region; identify 25 ecological pinch points, mainly concentrated in the central part of the region; identify 25 ecological protection zones. Twenty-five ecological pinch points were identified, mainly in the central part of the region; 960.84 km2 of ecological barriers were identified, which will be the focus of future restoration; and (3) the national spatial ecological layout and zoning control strategy of "one axis, two belts, and three zones" was constructed. The research results can provide a basis for effectively alleviating the contradiction between regional ecological security and economic development, and optimizing the national ecological security pattern.