Climate change will impact the dynamics of global forest ecosystems, in which the formation of earlywood and latewood is directly influenced by seasonal climatic factors. In order to clarify the stability of response of Pinus armandii Franch. radial growth to climate under the background of global warming and drying, this study focuses on the earlywood width (EWW), latewood width (LWW), and tree-ring width (TRW) of P. armandii at high altitudes in the Funiu Mountains of Henan Province. Standard chronologies for EWW, LWW and TRW of P. armandii are developed, and correlation analysis and smoothing correlation analysis are conducted between the standard chronologies and various climate factors. The findings reveal the following: 1) The study reveals a stronger correlation between EWW and TRW, which may contain more similar climatic information, and the EWW exhibits a more significant sensitivity to climatic changes to the LWW. 2) Different seasonal changes in temperature and precipitation affect the formation and growth of tree rings in EWW and LWW. The radial growth of P. armandii in this region is predominantly influenced by the hydrothermal combination during the prior growing season (June-August). Specifically, the radial growth of EWW is also related to the temperature in February of the current year, while the LWW is also affected by the hydrothermal combination in the later part of the growing season (August and September) of the same year. 3) We establish growth models for the EWW, LWW and TRW of P. armandii. It is determined that the temperature in August of the previous year is the main limiting factor for the EWW and TRW, while the precipitation in September of the current year is the main limiting factor for the growth of the LWW. The results of the growth models are relatively consistent with the results of the correlation analysis; 4) EWW, LWW and TRW are negative response to the previous year's growing season (June-August) temperature and relative humidity positive response is weakened. This phenomenon is a climatic "phenomenon of differentiation". In addition, the positive response of EWW to February temperatures is intensified, while the LWW shows an intensified negative response to precipitation levels in September and October. Consequently, as the global trend of warming and drying intensifies, especially the warming and drying in summer is more conducive to radial growth of P. armandii at higher altitude, this research result can also provide scientific basis for forest management and economic development in Funiu Mountains.