Crop cultivation is a source as well as a sink of carbon emissions. It is necessary to investigate and measure the characteristics of carbon uptake and carbon emissions of crops during the production process in order to reduce carbon emissions in regional agriculture. In this study, the GEE remote sensing cloud platform was utilized to simulate the distribution of agricultural planting by using high-resolution remote sensing data and a random forest algorithm model. An analysis of the carbon source/sink effect, carbon footprint, and spatial distribution pattern of field crops in northern Shaanxi was conducted in 2021 using a carbon uptake carbon emission calculation model based on this assumption. The results were as follows: ① The primary grain crops cultivated in northern Shaanxi were maize, rice, potatoes, and beans, while the main cash crops were vegetables, apples, and jujube trees, according to the findings. These seven crops were concentrated in Yan'an's southern valley and Yulin's northwestern region. ② Except for jujubes, the remaining crops in northern Shaanxi absorbed more carbon than they emitted, and the carbon sink function was dominant. Maize and apples contributed the most to carbon uptake and emissions in the region, with carbon uptake and emissions totaling 189.74×10⁴ t and 11.41×10⁴ t, respectively. Apples, potatoes, and jujubes had greater carbon footprints, reaching 9.92×10⁴ hm², 8.77×10⁴ hm², and 21.65×10⁴ hm², respectively, whereas the rest of the crops had carbon footprints in the 0.26-1.49×10⁴ hm². ③ Carbon uptake per unit area of agriculture in the research area was spatially distributed as high in the northwest and low in the south, but carbon emissions and carbon footprints were distributed in the other direction, high in the south and low in the northwest. ④ By cultivating high-yielding varieties, optimizing fertilizer application, controlling the amount of agricultural film and pesticide, and adjusting crop planting structure, the study area can improve crop carbon sequestration and promote carbon emissions reduction in agricultural production.