Ecosystem services serve as crucial linkages connecting biological processes and human well-being, providing a scientific basis for a comprehensive understanding of environmental issues and sustainability challenges. However, unprecedented urbanization inevitably disrupts the balance of urban ecosystem services, elevating urban fragility and risk exposure. The emergence of landscape patterns reflects the intricate interaction between humans and nature, visually illustrating the impact of urbanization on ecological processes. Therefore, it is imperative to uncover the effects of changes in landscape patterns on the ecosystem services supply-demand mismatches within the urbanization context. This understanding plays a critical role in optimizing landscape ecological planning and promoting the sustainable development of urban ecosystems. Taking Tianjin as an example, this study conducted a comprehensive analysis employing GIS spatial analysis, bivariate spatial autocorrelation, and random forest regression methods. Specifically, we quantified spatial distribution of three selected ecosystem services, including carbon storage, habitat quality, and air purification. In addition, we analyzed the changing trends of landscape pattern indices along the urbanization gradient, followed by an exploration of the interactive relationship between landscape pattern indices and the ecosystem services supply-demand mismatches. The results showed that: (1) there is a significant spatial mismatches between the supply and demand of carbon storage, habitat quality, and air purification. Meanwhile, the comprehensive level of urbanization had a significantly negative impact on ecosystem services supply-demand mismatches. (2) At the landscape level, the landscape pattern indices such as the largest patch index, Shannon diversity index, and patch density exhibited a non-linear trend along the urbanization gradient, with a notable inflection point at approximately 20% to 30% of the comprehensive urban development level. At the class level, the largest patch index and patch cohesion index of construction land showed a growing trend, while the largest patch index of forest and farmland continued to decline. (3) The explanatory power of landscape patten indices on ecosystem services supply-demand mismatches contributed more at the class level than at the landscape level. In conclusion, this study focused on analyzing the impact of landscape pattern changes on ecosystem services supply-demand mismatches within the urbanization gradient context. Our findings provided valuable insights for developing targeted optimization strategies to address the supply-demand mismatches of ecosystem services in municipal areas, thereby promoting urban resilience and sustainability. The multi-step approach employed in this study contributes to urban planning and decision-making, ensuring effective implementation of the ecosystem service concept in practice.