Global warming affects the structure and function of trees, which in turn affects the response of tree growth to climate change. In this study, we chose the eastern Qinling Mountains as the research area, because the Qinling Mountains are not only the dividing line between the north and south of China, but also the transitional region between the subtropical and temperate climate. As a sensitive zone of climate change, many scholars have carried out dendroclimatology research in this area. Therefore, we collected P. armandii core samples at an altitude of more than 2032m. Different chronologies were established based on the tree-ring width of P. armandii at the top of Longchiman of Funiu Mountain in the eastern edge of the Qinling Mountains to analyze the responses of tree growth to instrumental meteorological data from Songxian station (SX) and 1km resolution gridded data (CHN) in this area. The results showed that: (1) the statistical parameters of the tree-ring residual chronology (RES) were better than those of the standard chronology (STD), which contained richer environmental information and were suitable for the study of dendroclimatology. (2) The results of the correlation analysis of RES with both SX and CHN showed that the radial growth of P. armandii at the top of Longchiman was greatly affected by the climatic conditions of the previous year, and responded more to temperature than precipitation, with a significantly negative correlation with the average temperature in July-August of the previous year and January of the current year, as well as the precipitation in May of the previous year, and a significantly positive correlation with the precipitation in August of the previous year. (3) CHN provided a fuller picture of the effect of mean monthly maximum temperature on radial growth of P. armandii. The RES had a negative correlation with precipitation in summer (July-September) of the current year in both datasets, but there were differences in the months that reached a significantly negative correlation. (4) Multi-source climatic data showed that there was a warming and drying trend in this area, and the rising temperature was not conducive to the growth of P. armandii. There is a great potential in reflecting regional climate change by using P. armandii which growing at high elevations in the eastern Qinling Mountains. If warming and drying continues in the future, the growth of P. armandii in Longchiman will be further restricted, thus affecting the forest vegetation productivity and carbon sequestration potential in this area.