基于社会-生态耦合视角的城市边缘区生境服务评估与分区
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国家自然科学基金项目(42271105,42071284,42001224);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(2021TC072)


Assessment and zoning of habitat services in urban fringe areas from the perspective of social-ecological coupling
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The National Natural Science Foundation of China (42271105; 42071284; 42001224); The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (2021TC072)

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    摘要:

    城市边缘区是城市和乡村交接的社会-生态脆弱区,科学评估其生境服务,对于生物多样性保护与地区可持续发展具有重要意义。在生境服务评估中将社会和生态视角进行整合,有利于制订具有接受度和包容性的保护与管理策略。以上海市青浦区为例,基于社会-生态耦合视角构建"生境质量-生境感知"的生境服务评估框架,综合InVEST模型和SolVES模型开展评估,采用耦合协调度模型分析生境质量和生境感知的耦合协调关系,利用地理探测器探究协调空间分异的影响因素,并进行生境服务分区。结果表明:(1)研究区生境质量整体处于较低水平,空间分布呈"西高东低"格局;生境感知空间分布则多临近水系呈"条带状"格局。(2)生境质量与生境感知的耦合协调程度为轻度失调,且失调单元较多。(3)社会经济因素为耦合协调空间分异的主要影响因素,且多与景观格局因素共同作用。(4)基于生境质量和生境感知的匹配与耦合协调关系,可将研究区划分为4大类、12小类生境服务区,以进行针对性保护与管理。研究结果可为促进人与自然和谐共生的生境综合保护提供参考依据。

    Abstract:

    Urban fringe areas are social-ecological vulnerable areas at the interface of urban and rural areas, and their habitats are deeply influenced by urban expansion and rural urbanization. Assessing the plural values of habitat services in urban fringe areas is crucial for environmental protection and sustainable development. Most of the current studies on habitat services, however, either focus on biophysical processes and ecological quality or consider social perceptions, and studies integrating both remain rare in urban fringe areas. This could be detrimental to the formulation of conservation and management strategies with broad acceptance. Taking Qingpu District in Shanghai as an example, we collected its physical geographic and land use/land cover data, and obtained residents' perceptions through a questionnaire survey including participatory mapping (n=223). We used the InVEST model and SolVES model to assess habitat quality and habitat perceptions, respectively, from the perspective of social-ecological analysis. Furthermore, we analyzed the coupling coordination relationship between them using the coupling coordination degree model, and investigated the influencing factors of the variation of the coupling coordination using Geodetector. We finally developed habitat services conservation and management zoning based on the above. Our results showed that: (1) the habitat degradation of the study area was at a relatively weak degradation level, with a mean value of 0.224. Habitat quality was at a relatively low level, with a mean value of 0.340, and the spatial pattern was high in the west and low in the east. In terms of social value, an average of 1.37 points of habitat perceptions were mapped per person. These points were distributed mostly in public green areas, water areas, and several villages with good greenery. The spatial distribution of habitat perceptions was more even, with moderate and high values distributed in striped patterns along the water areas. (2) The coupling and coordination of habitat quality and habitat perceptions were in mild incoordination, with a mean value of 0.428. There were more units in mild incoordination, with a percentage of 35.90%. The spatial pattern of coupling and coordination was also high in the west and low in the east. (3) Socio-economic factors (e.g.,GDP and road density) were the main influencing factors of the spatial heterogeneity of coupling and coordination, and they mostly interacted with landscape pattern factors (e.g., patch richness and Shannon diversity) to enhance the explanation level of spatial variation. No significant influences were found for landscape connectivity on the spatial heterogeneity of coupling and coordination. (4) Based on the high-low matching level as well as the coupling and coordination relationship between habitat quality and perceptions, the study area could be divided into four major categories and twelve subcategories. Targeted conservation and management strategies were proposed for each area based on local conditions. Our study integrated the complementary intrinsic value and relational value, and the results could provide a basis for comprehensive habitat conservation that promotes coordinated development of ecology and society as well as harmonious coexistence between people and nature.

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夏哲一,刘黎明,袁承程,魏雪,黄家嗣,王怡.基于社会-生态耦合视角的城市边缘区生境服务评估与分区.生态学报,2024,44(4):1501~1513

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