Forests are four reservoirs, namely water reservoir, treasury, grain depot, and carbon pool. Forests provide multiple ecosystem services, which play a fundamental and strategic role in mitigating global climate change, maintaining national ecological security, and promoting sustainable economic and social development. Scientifically understanding trade-offs and synergies among forest ecosystem services is essential for realizing multiple forest benefits and sustainable forest management. However, the synergies or trade-offs among forest ecosystem services are uncertain and vary from study to study, leading to key challenges in achieving multiple forest benefits through forest management. In this study, the research status of trade-offs and synergies among forest ecosystem services is comprehensively reviewed. Specifically, the existing studies mainly explore four aspects. (1) Exploring the relationships and influencing factors among forest carbon sink, timber supply, biodiversity, forest recreation, and forest ecosystem services. The natural forests have a higher synergistic effect than planted forests. Forest age, stand density, tree species composition, temperature, altitude, social preference, and management policy are main driving factors. (2) Comparing the effects of different forest management models or management measures on multiple forest ecosystems services, sustainable management is effective in synergistically achieving multiple forest benefits. (3) The interaction between climate change and multiple forest ecosystems services depends on the type and degree of climate factors, forest type, forest management, and regional environment. Future climate change scenarios released by the IPCC are the focus of current research. (4) Using InVEST, FSOS, CASA, and other models, researchers optimize forest management scenarios and explore multi-objective forest management schemes. Meanwhile, we systematically summarize the key problems faced by existing research and sustainable forest management. ① The formation medchanism and driving mechanism of trade-offs and synergies among multiple forest ecosystems services are still unclear. ② All forest ecosystem services, forest types, driving factors, forest management methods, and climatic factors are not considered. ③ It lacks of data fusion across multiple times, spaces, and scales. Forest growth dynamic processes, uncertainty and risk analysis are also not integrated into the study. ④The models for optimizing multiple services of forest ecosystems cannot be promoted because of the low simulation spatial accuracy, the simple operating mechanism, and the imperfect scenario. ⑤ Forest management equipment and concepts are backward, capital and science and technology investment is low, forest quality is not high and forest regeneration is poor. ⑥The technical system of integrated forest resource management is not perfect. Moreover, the paper puts forward the trends and recommendations for sustainable forest management that synergistically enhance multiple forest ecosystems services. Firstly, establishing a Chinese modern forest management concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Secondly, advocating nature-based sustainable forest management. Thirdly, implementing climate-resilient sustainable forest management. Fourthly, adhering to the system concept, and accurately improving forest quality. Fifthly, improving the technical regulations, standards, and policy system of forest management.