粤港澳大湾区城市群生态系统智能化管理
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中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA23030403)


Ecosystem intelligent management in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area urban agglomeration
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Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: XDA23030403; The National Key Research and Development Program of China: 2022YFC3802903; The Open-end Fund of State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology: SKLURE2022-2-5.

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    摘要:

    开展生态系统数字化、信息化、智能化管理,全面提升粤港澳大湾区生态环境质量,是建设国际一流湾区的必然趋势。以城市群生态系统智能化管理为目标,系统整合各类生态环境相关数据资源,形成生态系统管理数据和决策支撑体系,并以此为基础构建生态智能管理平台。研究以生态系统要素和功能管理逻辑为核心,构建了生态系统管理业务流程:(1)精准剖析生态环境问题,确定问题发生的尺度、范围并对其进行分类和定性;(2)确立生态管理目标,制定适宜的管理策略;(3)根据现状与基线进行生态系统服务权衡,通过生态管理恢复工程提升生态系统质量;(4)通过环境物联网监测生态系统变化,及时调整和改进生态系统管理计划。针对城市群生态系统多尺度、多层次、复杂化等特点,在制定管理决策时应充分权衡管理目标和生态服务,兼顾各类生态系统服务效益;需通过示范性生态工程印证管理方案的可行性、适用性和协同性;以趋善化理念为指导思想,不断优化调整生态管理目标;同时在管理活动实施的过程中不断积累、凝练、总结所获得的反馈信息和经验。面向生态管理体制和管理能力的现代化提升需求,融合大数据、地理信息系统(GIS)、全球广域网络(Web)等信息化技术,构建粤港澳大湾区生态管理智能平台,实现多主体信息共享,打破管理决策的"黑箱",为推进生态环境管理现代化提供可靠可行的方案。构建的生态系统管理业务流程和管理策略,将知识充分融入管理决策的制定流程,能服务于粤港澳大湾区的生态文明建设,推动可持续和高质量发展。

    Abstract:

    Implementing digital, informational, and intelligent management of ecosystems to comprehensively enhance the ecological environment quality in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is an inevitable trend in building a world-class bay area. Aiming at the intelligent management of urban agglomeration ecosystems, various ecological environment-related data resources are systematically integrated, including land use, water resources, and biodiversity. This integration forms a comprehensive ecosystem management data and decision support system, which is the foundation for constructing an ecological intelligent management platform. The study focuses on ecosystems' core elements and functional management logic and creates an ecosystem management business process. This process consists of four main steps:(1) Accurately analyzing ecological environment issues:determining the scale and scope of the issues, categorizing them according to ecosystem types, and effectively identifying the current problems in ecosystems; (2) Establishing ecological management goals based on the main contradictions in the ecosystem issues. Formulating appropriate management strategies using a supply-demand balanced ecosystem service management method, which considers various stakeholders' needs and environmental capacity limits; (3) Conducting ecosystem service trade-offs based on the current status and baseline, assessing the potential impacts of different management alternatives on ecosystem services, and improving ecosystem quality through ecological management restoration projects, such as reforestation, wetland restoration, and sustainable urban development; (4) Monitoring ecosystem changes through the environmental Internet of Things, employing advanced sensors and satellite technologies to collect real-time data on ecosystem dynamics, and promptly adjusting and improving the ecosystem management plan based on the observed trends and feedback. Considering the multi-scale, multi-level, and complex characteristics of urban agglomeration ecosystems, it is necessary to thoroughly weigh management goals and ecological services when making management decisions and consider the benefits of various ecosystem services, such as provisioning, regulating, and cultural services. The feasibility, applicability, and synergy of the management plan should be demonstrated through demonstrative ecological projects, which can also help to identify potential challenges and best practices for implementation. Optimizing and adjusting the ecological management target constantly with the idea of improving as the guiding ideology; At the same time, in implementing management activities, the management information and experience are accumulated, condensed, and summarized. To meet the modernization demands of ecological management systems and management capabilities, this study integrates information technologies such as big data, GIS, and Web to build an ecological intelligent management platform for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. This platform achieves multi-stakeholder information sharing, alleviates the black box effect of management decision-making, and provides a reliable and feasible solution for promoting ecological environment management modernization. We construct the business process and management strategy of ecosystem management and integrate knowledge into management's decision-making process of the platform, which will serve the ecological civilization construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and promote sustainable and high-quality development.

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董仁才,翁辰,焦亚冉,吕晨璨,孙晓萌,练岸鑫,李春明.粤港澳大湾区城市群生态系统智能化管理.生态学报,2024,44(2):476~487

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