Climate warming and straw return are crucial factors to influence soil carbon and nitrogen cycles, and soil nutrient turnover in agricultural ecosystem, but little is known about their interactive effects. In this study, we carried out a field experiment at the Wuqiao Experimental Station of China Agricultural University in Hebei province, China. This region has a typical temperate continental climate with an average temperature of 12.9 ℃ and annual mean precipitation of ~500 mm. Soil texture is silty loam with bulk density of 1.5 g/cm³, SOC of 8.4 g/kg, TN of 1.0 g/kg. Two-factorial design of two levels of soil temperature (ambient temperature vs. warming +3.5 ℃) and two levels of straw return practice (straw removal vs. straw return) was set up, forming four treatments (ambient temperature with straw removal, CK; ambient temperature with straw return, S; soil warming with straw removal, T; soil warming with straw return, TS). Each treatment had three replicates, resulting in a total of 12 plots (3 m × 4 m for each). Soil warming was manipulated using heating cables, which placed at 20 cm soil depth with 25 cm intervals. The heating cable was installed in October 2018 with an uninterrupted supply of electricity from 2018-2021. For the straw return treatments, crop straw was chopped and then incorporated into 0-15 cm soil depth, while all straw was manually removed for the straw removal treatments. We sampled 0-20 cm soils on June 15, 2021. To quantify the interactive effect of soil warming and straw return on soil quality, we measured soil moisture, pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, available phosphorus, microbial biomass, and soil extracellular enzymes. The findings showed that soil warming increased nitrate, dissolved organic carbon, and oxidase activity by 40.4%, 25.8%, and 6.0%, respectively. However, warming reduced soil water content, ammonium, and microbial biomass carbon by 10.6%, 33.4%, and 29.9%, respectively. Straw return increased soil water content, total nitrogen, ammonium, available phosphorous, and dissolved organic carbon by 7.5%, 7.2%, 44.1%, 32.3%, and 18.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, the activities of C-, N-, P-cycle enzymes increased by 46.2%, 22.9%, and 20.6%, respectively. Soil warming also increased the oxidase activity and accelerated soil carbon turnover. At the same time, soil nitrogen mineralization and nitrification were improved by soil warming. In sum, straw return enriched soil carbon and nitrogen by inputting exogenous organic matter and increased the content of available nutrients, which compensated the loss of soil nutrients caused by the increased temperature.