To explore herdsmen's satisfaction and support to grassland eco-compensation policy is important, which has a great theoretical and practical significance on deepening reform of the eco-compensation mechanism and promoting the construction of ecological civilization and the green development of pastoral areas. Based on the micro-perspective presupposed by Marx's ecological-economic man and Fornell's Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) logic model, this paper used the data of 574 herdsmen from Ruoergai grassland in 2020 to evaluate their satisfaction and support to grassland eco-compensation policy via reflective indicators' structural equation model (SEM), which is a multivariate and multipath confirmatory analysis on the causal mechanism. The results show that:(1) the more herdsmen pay attention to revenue and ecological quality, the higher the policy satisfaction, and the greater the psychological motivation of ecological protection with relative effect size 0.271. (2) The herdsmen's evaluation on the quality of the policy results is the main influencing factor of herdsmen's policy satisfaction and support, with relative effect size 0.518. (3) The herdsmen's value perception on the effect of the policy implementation will directly improve their policy satisfaction and further promote their rationality of ecological protection, with relative effect size 0.312. Therefore, to improve herdsmen's grassland eco-compensation policy satisfaction and support, the comprehensive measures should be taken from three dimensions. Firstly, attention should be paid to excavating and developing grassland ecological cultural, cultivating and protecting the ecological rationality of herdsmen which adapts to the construction of ecological civilization, and promoting herdsmen to have a higher pursuit of ecological quality and greater expectations for a greener economy. Secondly, it is necessary to expand diversified financing channels and total funding to steadily improve the eco-compensation standards, strengthen the work force of grassland protection to reduce "grazing on no-grazing grassland" and other phenomenon that damage the welfare of common in pastoral area, and coordinate to improve the quality of policy implementation. Thirdly, deepening the reform of grassland eco-compensation should focus on strengthening the coordination with the green development of herdsmen's livelihoods, and the improvement of herdsmen's green development ability should be used as the main evaluation index in designing environmental regulations and specific eco-compensation projects.