Typhoon disturbance might significantly affect the stability and mineralization process of soil organic carbon in mountain tea plantations along the southeast coast of China. Meanwhile, soil microbial quotient (qMB) is a sensitive indicator of soil organic carbon stability and mineralization potential. As a result, understanding on the response of soil microbial quotient in tea plantations with different management modes to typhoon disturbance can provide an important scientific basis for managing soil carbon pools in mountain tea plantations. Therefore, the concentrations of soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon in surface soil (0-10 cm) and subsurface soil (10-30 cm) in four management tea plantation modes, i.e., traditional tea plantation with chemical fertilizer (M0), tree and tea intercropping plantation (M1), tea plantation with breeding chickens (M2), and traditional tea plantation with microbial fertilizer (M3) in Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province, were measured before one day of Typhoon Fireworks (Typhoon No. 6) coming (T1), and after one day (T2) and seven days (T3) of typhoon passing. The results showed that (1) the strongest effects of typhoon disturbance on soil organic carbon in tea plantations were observed in M2 and M3. Moreover, the responses of organic carbon in surface and subsurface soils to disturbance also varied greatly with tea plantation management modes; (2) More significant effects of typhoon disturbance on soil microbial quotient were observed in M2 mode compared with other tea plantation management modes, and the effects of typhoon disturbance on subsurface soil microbial quotient were more significant, suggesting that typhoon disturbance had stronger effect on soil organic carbon stability and mineralization in M2 mode, and the response of soil microbial quotient in M2 mode to typhoon disturbance was more sensitive; (3) The strongest effects of typhoon disturbance on soil microbial biomass carbon were observed in M2 mode, and the weakest effects of those in M0 and M1. Moreover, the responses of soil microbial biomass carbon in surface and subsurface soils to typhoon disturbance varied greatly with tea plantation management modes; And (4) the strongest effects of typhoon disturbance on soil dissolved organic carbon in tea plantations were observed in M0, and followed by M1, M3 and M2. Moreover, the responses of dissolved organic carbon in surface and subsurface soils to disturbance also varied greatly with tea plantation management modes. In conclusion, the effects of typhoon disturbance on soil microbial quotient varied greatly with tea plantation management modes, suggesting that the response of soil organic carbon stability to typhoon disturbance varied with tea plantation management modes. Moreover, the most sensitive response of soil organic carbon to typhoon disturbance in tea plantations was observed in M2.