Using the bibliometric method，with the help of the VOSviewer and Citespace tools, our paper reviewed and analyzed the research literatures on urban spatial structure, form and ecological environment included in the core collection of Web of Science from 1999 to 2020. So as to clarify the main research features and progress in this field. The main results are as follows: the total amount of literatures on the study of the relationship between the urban spatial structure, form and ecological environment shows an increasing trend of fluctuation, especially in the past five years, the fluctuation and sharp increase trend of literature volume was very significant, becoming one of the unignored and important research fields of geography, urban and rural planning, environmental science, ecology and other disciplines; Voluminous studies focus on the relation between urban spatial structure and form and atmospheric environment, mainly including greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution and urban heat island effect. At the same time, different attention has been paid to the water environment, soil environment, biodiversity and so on. In the future, the research should focus on the hotspots of the relevant construction of a comprehensive research framework and evaluation system between urban spatial structure and ecological environment, optimization and design of urban spatial structure facing ecological environment problems, simulation and prediction of their development and change.