Food is the foundation of human survival and development. However, in the process of urbanization, CO2 emissions from household food consumption affected the ecological environment and human well-being. Under the dual-carbon target, it is urgent to formulate household green consumption optimization strategies from different scales to reconcile the contradiction between food consumption growth and low carbon emission reduction. Facing the dual-carbon vision, mining the text data of the existing research household food consumption CO2 emission, and conducting its research progress and development trend, which can provide a theoretical basis for China to formulate scientific and reasonable low-carbon development strategies and green consumption patterns. Hence, this paper summarized the characteristics of articles, research method and research content of household food consumption carbon emissions. It was found that: (i) since 2011, the research on household food carbon emissions has mainly focused on the four core issues of carbon footprint, climate change, sustainability and greenhouse gases, and the total number of the related articles has shown an exponential upward trend. It can be seen that the CO2 emission from household food consumption are still a research hotspot in the future academia. (ii) Understanding the concept and connotation of household food consumption carbon emissions from the perspectives of production, consumption, and system was helpful to define the boundary of carbon emissions accounting. (iii) The mainstream accounting methods of household food consumption carbon emissions included life cycle assessment (LCA), carbon emission coefficient method, input-output analysis (IOA), and material flow analysis (MFA). (iv) Based on the distribution characteristics of CO2 emissions, the domestic and foreign scholars have explored household food consumption carbon emissions from different perspectives such as different scales (global, national, regional, provincial, city-level, et al.), different modes (direct and indirect), different phases (production, consumption, et al.), and different consumption structures (plant-based and animal-based). (v) From the perspective of influence mechanism, it was worth paying attention to the scientific issue of quantitatively analyzing the mechanism of household food consumption carbon emissions based on multi-scale spatial and temporal integration. Hence, considering multiple factors such as population, society and economy, as well as the spatial heterogeneity, identifying the key mechanisms of household food consumption carbon emissions, constructing different carbon emission reduction potential scenarios for dual carbon targets and revealing the contribution of emission reduction under different scenarios will help to propose the optimal green household food consumption pattern. The research results can provide policy reference for China to achieve the dual carbon goal.