The construction of national park cluster on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a major ecological civilization construction project planned by the Chinese government in line with the global sustainable development goals. According to the preliminary research on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the park cluster includes 15 national parks. In order to coordinate the protection and development relationship between the construction of the national park cluster and the sustainable development of communities, this study takes 467 communities located within and adjacent to the 15 national parks as the research object. The study constructs an analysis framework based on natural conditions, traffic conditions, cultural factors, national policies, which is used to analyze the types of spatial coupling between national park cluster and communities. The results show that 348 communities are not significantly affected by the national park construction factors and do not have significantly spatial coupling characteristics, while the remaining 119 communities are relatively significantly affected. These 119 communities have formed four types:ecological immigration type, transportation hub type, characteristic culture type, and border development type, accounting for 18.7%, 26.1%, 27.6% and 27.6%, respectively. In addition, there are 5 composite types of coupled regions, including 14 communities. Finally, the interactive mode of sustainable development between different types of communities and the construction of national parks is discussed. This paper established the identification and regulation methods of the types of communities associated with national parks, which is helpful to supplement the understanding of the communities' sustainable development in the national park of China.