The implementation of ecological engineering on the Loess Plateau has significantly improved its ecological environment and enhanced ecosystem service capabilities. The quantitative evaluation of the impact of ecological engineering on ecosystem services is relatively scarce in the existing research. In this study, taking the Yanhe River Basin as an example, the RUSLE and InVEST model were used to evaluate the ecosystem services. And the ecological engineering identification model was constructed to identify ecological engineering areas in different periods. Our study explores the quantitative impact of ecological engineering on ecosystem services, will provide scientific guidance and basis for the implementation of ecological engineering in the next stage. The results showed that:(1) from 2000 to 2018, both soil conservation services and water production services in the Yanhe River Basin showed a fluctuating growth trend, but the changes of the two were not synchronized. (2) During the four periods, the area of ecological engineering zones, which can produce ecological effects, showed a fluctuating growth trend, increasing from 854 km² to 1343 km². They were distributed throughout the whole basin, and the key distribution areas were different in different periods. (3) The ecological engineering enhances the soil conservation capacity and water production capacity of the region. The area of the enhanced soil conservation service region increased from 477.5 km² to 1140.6 km², and the total amount of soil maintained by the region increased from 2.1×10⁷ t to 5.6×10⁷ t. The area of the enhanced water production service region increased from 139.1 km² to 485.5 km², and the total water production of the region increased from 2.9×10⁶ m³ to 1.5×10⁷ m³. (4) The ecological engineering had a synergistic effect on soil conservation services and water production services, and soil conservation services are more sensitive to the ecological engineering than water production services.