Wetlands are among the most diverse and productive ecosystems on earth. However, in recent years, the natural environment has been changing at an unprecedented rate due to frequent disturbances from human activities, and the synergistic effect of both has led to a trend of fragmentation of wetlands. The degradation and transformation of wetlands have resulted in the weakening of wetland biological connectivity. Good wetland biological connectivity is beneficial to the maintenance of wetland ecosystem services, the conservation of biological diversity and the improvement of biological adaptation to climate change. Therefore, understanding, evaluating and protecting bioconnectivity is crucial for wetland ecosystems. This paper reviews the definition of wetland biological connectivity, summarizes four interaction factors of the occurrence and change of biological connectivity, including natural factors (the most direct factor is hydrological conditions), the spatial pattern of wetland landscape, biological factors (such as foraging, reproduction and refuge) and human activities. From the perspectives of structural connectivity and functional connectivity, we discuss the measurement methods of biological connectivity of animals, plants and microorganisms, and suggest that with the development of technology and the improvement of theory, modeling and genetics-based research methods will play a great potential in wetland biological connectivity analysis in the future. Finally, the problems of wetland bioconnectivity research are presented:(1) The non-uniformity of the definition of wetland bioconnectivity makes the research tend to ignore the temporal and spatial scales, resulting in differences in the scale of research. (2) The factors that contribute to connectivity can not only act directly on organisms themselves, but also indirectly change biological connectivity by altering wetland material cycles, but the current research on the coupling of wetland biological connectivity and material cycles is not deep enough. (3) The wetland bioconnection metric model is not sufficiently considered at the biological level and lacks data validation. Future perspectives are proposed to address the problems:(1) to consider spatial and temporal scales when conducting wetland bioconnectivity identification and conservation, (2) to study the ways in which biologically based nutrients are incorporated into wetland material cycles in the form of interdisciplinary cooperation, and to strengthen research on the coupling mechanism between wetland bioconnectivity and wetland material cycles, (3) to develop ecologically meaningful predictive models and to do more comparative studies to ensure the usefulness of analytical models for wetland bioconnectivity assessment. thus ensuring the integrity and effectiveness of wetland bioconnectivity networks. It can provide new ideas for wetland biodiversity, wetland conservation and management.